Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

126
In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
126
X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

11.2K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
11.2K
Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

2.0K
The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
2.0K
Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

9.7K
Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
9.7K
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

1.2K
Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which...
1.2K
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

27.2K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
27.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Self-Attention Convolutional Neural Network for Improved MR Image Reconstruction.

Information sciences·2020
Same author

miR-365b regulates the development of non-small cell lung cancer via GALNT4.

Experimental and therapeutic medicine·2020
Same author

Deep Learning-Based Spectral Unmixing for Optoacoustic Imaging of Tissue Oxygen Saturation.

IEEE transactions on medical imaging·2020
Same author

Self-Supervised Feature Learning via Exploiting Multi-Modal Data for Retinal Disease Diagnosis.

IEEE transactions on medical imaging·2020
Same author

Corrigendum: Neurotransmitters as Modulators of Neural Progenitor Cell Proliferation During Mammalian Neocortex Development.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2020
Same author

Accelerating quantitative MR imaging with the incorporation of B<sub>1</sub> compensation using deep learning.

Magnetic resonance imaging·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples
10:12

Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples

Published on: June 19, 2018

9.7K

Optimized Detector Angular Configuration Increases the Sensitivity of X-ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography (XFCT).

Moiz Ahmad, Magdalena Bazalova-Carter, Rebecca Fahrig

    IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
    |December 5, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Optimizing detector angle in X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) significantly enhances detection sensitivity. A 145° back-scatter configuration achieved the highest sensitivity for gold detection, outperforming other angles and isotropic arrangements.

    More Related Videos

    Energy Dispersive X-ray Tomography for 3D Elemental Mapping of Individual Nanoparticles
    10:00

    Energy Dispersive X-ray Tomography for 3D Elemental Mapping of Individual Nanoparticles

    Published on: July 5, 2016

    12.6K
    Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography
    10:18

    Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography

    Published on: February 21, 2017

    9.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 19, 2026

    Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples
    10:12

    Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples

    Published on: June 19, 2018

    9.7K
    Energy Dispersive X-ray Tomography for 3D Elemental Mapping of Individual Nanoparticles
    10:00

    Energy Dispersive X-ray Tomography for 3D Elemental Mapping of Individual Nanoparticles

    Published on: July 5, 2016

    12.6K
    Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography
    10:18

    Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography

    Published on: February 21, 2017

    9.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Imaging
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Physics

    Background:

    • X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) is an emerging imaging modality.
    • Scattered X-rays can degrade image quality and reduce detection sensitivity in XFCT.
    • Optimizing detector geometry is crucial for improving XFCT performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of detector angular configuration on XFCT detection sensitivity.
    • To determine the optimal detector angle for minimizing background scattered X-rays.
    • To achieve the highest possible sensitivity for gold detection in XFCT.

    Main Methods:

    • An XFCT system was constructed using a bench-top X-ray source, CdTe detector, and phantom stage.
    • Phantoms with varying gold concentrations were imaged at different detector angles (60°, 90°, 145°).
    • Image quality and detection sensitivity were evaluated based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

    Main Results:

    • The 145° back-scatter detector configuration demonstrated superior sensitivity for detecting gold Kβ1 X-rays.
    • The lowest detectable gold concentration was 2.5 mgAu/mL (0.25% Au, SNR=4.3) at 145°.
    • Other configurations (60°, 90°, isotropic) failed to detect this concentration or had significantly lower SNRs.

    Conclusions:

    • An optimized detector angular configuration, specifically back-scattering, significantly improves XFCT sensitivity.
    • This study achieved the highest reported XFCT sensitivity with a bench-top X-ray source for phantoms larger than a mouse.
    • The findings pave the way for more sensitive XFCT applications in preclinical research.