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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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Interfacial ionic 'liquids': connecting static and dynamic structures.

Ahmet Uysal1, Hua Zhou, Guang Feng

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Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) exhibit a bistable layered structure at interfaces. This dynamic response to potential changes involves two distinct structures with a fixed hysteresis, even at varying temperatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) form layered structures at electrified interfaces.
  • The dynamic response of these layered structures to applied potential variations is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential-dependent electric double layer (EDL) structure of an imidazolium-based RTIL on graphene.
  • To understand the dynamic response of the EDL structure to potential cycling and temperature variations.

Main Methods:

  • In situ, real-time x-ray reflectivity measurements.
  • Potential cycling experiments on charged epitaxial graphene.
  • Fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations.

Main Results:

  • The graphene-RTIL interfacial structure is bistable, composed of two extreme-potential structures.
  • EDL structure proportions vary with applied potential polarity and magnitude.
  • Potential-driven transitions show increasing width and fixed hysteresis magnitude with temperature.

Conclusions:

  • The EDL structure is a combination of two stable states, suggesting distinct anion- and cation-adsorbed structures.
  • An energy barrier of approximately 0.15 eV separates these adsorbed structures.
  • The bistable nature and hysteresis are key characteristics of the RTIL-graphene interface.