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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Social Sciences

Background:

  • Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health issue with limited data from Belgium.
  • IPV negatively impacts women's and children's health, yet remains underreported due to societal taboos.
  • Obstetrician-gynecologists (OB/GYNs) have a key role in identifying and addressing IPV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of IPV among pregnant women in East Flanders, Belgium.
  • To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of OB/GYNs regarding IPV screening.
  • To identify barriers and facilitators for IPV screening by healthcare professionals.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-centered survey surveillance study was conducted among pregnant women in five hospitals.
  • A questionnaire-based Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey was administered to OB/GYNs in Flanders.
  • Prevalence data and OB/GYN perspectives on IPV screening were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Lifetime prevalence of IPV was 10.1%; period prevalence was 3.4% during pregnancy/preceding year.
  • Only 19.2% of physical and 6.6% of sexual abuse victims sought medical care.
  • Most OB/GYNs were unfamiliar with IPV, underestimated its prevalence, and had limited education (6.8%).
  • Physician education was the strongest predictor of positive attitudes and current practices towards IPV screening.
  • Fear of offending patients was a major barrier to universal screening.

Conclusions:

  • There is a significant need for improved IPV awareness among women and enhanced physician training on IPV.
  • Routine IPV screening by OB/GYNs is largely acceptable to patients but requires addressing provider knowledge gaps and attitudes.
  • Targeted educational interventions for healthcare professionals are crucial to improve IPV identification and management.