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Updated: Apr 19, 2026
Elevated Plus Maze for Mice
Published on: December 22, 2008
Glucagon-like peptide-2-induced memory improvement and anxiolytic effects in mice
Takashi Iwai1, Kazushi Jin2, Tomoko Ohnuki2
1Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
Abstract:
We investigated the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) on memory impairment in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice, and anxiety-like behavior in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-treated mice. In the Y-maze test, LPS (10 µg/mouse, i.c.v.) significantly decreased spontaneous alternation, which was prevented by pretreatment with GLP-2 (0.01-0.3 µg/mouse, i.c.v.). The GLP-2 treatment just before the Y-maze test also improved LPS-induced memory impairment. Continuous treatment with GLP-2 (3 µg/mouse, i.c.v.) had no effect on the open-field test in saline-treated or ACTH-treated mice. Chronic ACTH treatment did not cause anxiogenic effects in the elevated plus-maze test. GLP-2 showed weak anxiolytic-like effects in the elevated plus-maze test in ACTH-treated, but not saline-treated mice. Moreover, GLP-2 increased 5-HT, but not 5-HIAA and tryptophan hydroxylase 2 levels in the amygdala of ACTH-treated mice. Pharmacological depletion of 5-HT prevented the anxiolytic effects of GLP-2. These results suggest that GLP-2 protected and improved memory function in LPS-treated mice, and also had anxiolytic effects due to changes in the 5-HT system.
