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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions
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Langerhans cells: an update.

Florian Sparber1

  • 1Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG
|December 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Langerhans cells, key antigen-presenting cells in skin, are crucial for adaptive immunity and preventing autoimmunity. This review details their unique origin, regulation, and immune system functions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Langerhans cells are specialized dendritic cells found in mammalian skin and epithelia.
  • Their study established the "Langerhans cell paradigm" for antigen processing and presentation.
  • Recent research suggests roles beyond adaptive immunity, including peripheral tolerance and preventing autoimmunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key findings on Langerhans cell ontogeny and homeostasis.
  • To summarize the functions of Langerhans cells within the immune system.
  • To highlight their unique characteristics as a dendritic cell population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of extensive research on Langerhans cells.
  • Analysis of studies on dendritic cell subpopulations.
  • Synthesis of findings on immune regulation and tolerance.

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An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 19, 2026

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Main Results:

  • Langerhans cells are critical for initiating adaptive immune responses.
  • They play a significant role in maintaining peripheral tolerance to prevent autoimmune diseases.
  • Langerhans cells exhibit unique ontogeny and homeostatic regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Langerhans cells are essential components of the mammalian immune system.
  • Their functions extend to immune induction and tolerance maintenance.
  • Understanding their unique biology is crucial for immunology research.