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miRNA biogenesis: biological impact in the development of cancer

Sandra L Romero-Cordoba1, Ivan Salido-Guadarrama, Mauricio Rodriguez-Dorantes

  • 1a National Institute of Genomic Medicine ; Mexico City , Mexico.

Cancer Biology & Therapy
|December 9, 2014
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are vital in cell processes. This review examines how disruptions in miRNA biogenesis contribute to cancer development.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs crucial for post-transcriptional gene regulation.
  • They influence physiological processes including development, cell differentiation, and signaling.
  • miRNAs play a significant role in diseases, especially cancer, by repressing genes involved in carcinogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the alterations in the miRNA biogenesis machinery.
  • To discuss the impact of these alterations on cancer initiation and progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on miRNA biogenesis pathways.
  • Analysis of the role of miRNA biogenesis in cancer genetics.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulation of miRNA biogenesis is implicated in various cancers.
  • Altered miRNA levels due to biogenesis defects can promote tumor growth.

Conclusions:

  • The miRNA biogenesis machinery is a critical target for understanding cancer.
  • Further research into miRNA biogenesis alterations may reveal new therapeutic strategies for cancer.
Keywords:
Ago2, Argonaute 2 proteinArs2, Arsenic Resistance protein 2DGCR8, DiGeorge syndrome Critical Region 8 proteinEMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transitionKSRP, KH-type splicing regulatory proteinMK2, MAPK-activated protein kinase 2PABP, poly(A)-binding proteinPACT, kinase R–activating proteinPRC2, Polycomb repressor complexRISC, RNA-induced silencing complexTRBP, TAR RNA binding proteinTUT4, terminal uridine transferase-4XPO5, exportin 5cancercellular signalingcircRNA, circular RNAhnRNPs, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteinsmiRNA biogenesismiRNAs, microRNAs

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