Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Socioemotional Development during Infancy

Socioemotional Development during Infancy

Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types

Parental Care

Parental Care

Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.

Relationship with Parents: Attachment

Relationship with Parents: Attachment

Parent-child interactions lay the foundation for how we understand relationships throughout life. These interactions are not uniform across families; instead, they are shaped by a range of environmental, emotional, and behavioral factors unique to each caregiver-child dynamic. Social psychologists study these early relationships to understand how patterns formed in infancy influence social functioning and interpersonal behavior in adulthood.Attachment Theory and Early Relational ModelsJohn...

Observational Learning

Observational Learning

Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...

Nonconscious Mimicry

Nonconscious Mimicry

Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.

Parenting Styles

Parenting Styles

Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Interoceptive autonomic regulation in typical development and autism spectrum disorder: A computational model integrating multiple physiological systems.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Social robots' verbal time updates facilitate children's persistence in challenging tasks: A comparison with humans.

Child development·2026

Same author

Embodied predictive processing: A unifying generative principle for cognitive development.

Advances in child development and behavior·2026

Same author

Moral somatic marker: new directions for the mechanisms underlying morality in preverbal infants.

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2026

Same author

Mother-child autonomic nervous system interaction as an indication of parental stress: 24-hour cross recurrence plot analysis.

PloS one·2025

Same author

Do infants expect physically competent agents to gain access to contested resources?

Infant behavior & development·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

Published on: October 4, 2015

Infant's action skill dynamically modulates parental action demonstration in the dyadic interaction.

Hiroshi Fukuyama¹, Shibo Qin², Yasuhiro Kanakogi¹

¹Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Japan.

Developmental Science

|December 9, 2014

Summary

Mothers adjust their actions based on infant behavior during object manipulation tasks. Infant skill influences maternal demonstration, showing sensitivity to the infant's learning potential.

More Related Videos

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task

Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task

Published on: June 1, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 19, 2026

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

Published on: October 4, 2015

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task

Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task

Published on: June 1, 2015

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Infant Motor Skill Development
Parent-Child Interaction Dynamics

Background:

Human adults modify behavior when interacting with infants, a phenomenon known as infant-directed speech and action.
Previous research confirms infant-directed modifications impact infant behavior.
The specific mechanisms eliciting these maternal modifications during interaction remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how infant behavior influences maternal actions during a task demonstration.
To analyze the dynamic interplay between infant object manipulation and maternal demonstration characteristics.

Main Methods:

Three-dimensional motion capture of cup movements during a cup-nesting task demonstration.
Mothers interacted with infants aged 11-13 months and 6-8 months.
Analysis of spatial characteristics of maternal cup movements in relation to infant actions.

Main Results:

Maternal demonstration movements varied significantly based on infant object manipulation.
Reduced movement variance in maternal demonstrations followed infant cup nesting.
Increased movement variance in maternal demonstrations occurred after infant task-irrelevant actions (e.g., banging).
This pattern was absent in mothers interacting with younger infants (6-8 months) lacking fine motor skills.

Conclusions:

Infant action skills dynamically shape infant-directed maternal actions.
Mothers demonstrate sensitivity to their infant's developing motor skills and learning potential.
This suggests a sophisticated feedback loop in early parent-infant learning interactions.