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In Vivo Immunogenicity Screening of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry of Splenic T Cells
Published on: September 23, 2021
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Overexpressed oncogenic tumor-self antigens.
Robert K Bright1, Jennifer D Bright, Jennifer A Byrne
1a Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology and the TTUHSC Cancer Center ; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center ; Lubbock , TX USA.
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|December 9, 2014
Summary
Tumor-self antigens involved in cancer development are promising vaccine targets. Research shows that overcoming immune tolerance is feasible, enabling vaccine development against these antigens like TPD52.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Vaccine Development
Background:
- Overexpressed tumor-self antigens are a major focus for cancer vaccine development.
- Antigens involved in oncogenesis are underexplored but highly promising vaccine targets.
- Previous assumptions suggested immune tolerance and autoimmunity would hinder vaccine strategies against self antigens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review vaccine efforts targeting tumor-self antigens, particularly those involved in oncogenesis.
- To highlight TPD52 as a novel and promising vaccine target.
- To demonstrate that immune tolerance and autoimmunity can be overcome in cancer vaccine development.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical and clinical vaccine studies.
- Focus on vaccine strategies for known tumor-self antigens.
- In-depth examination of TPD52 as a potential vaccine target.
Main Results:
- Vaccine development against tumor-self antigens, including those in oncogenesis, is feasible.
- Immune tolerance and autoimmunity are surmountable obstacles in developing these vaccines.
- TP52 emerges as a significant candidate for cancer vaccine strategies.
Conclusions:
- Tumor-self antigens, especially those driving oncogenesis, represent a viable class for cancer vaccines.
- Preclinical and clinical data support the successful development of vaccines against self antigens.
- Further research into understudied mechanisms of tolerance is needed for broader vaccine application, potentially with adjuvant therapy or in low tumor burden settings.
Keywords:
ALK, Anaplastic lymphoma kinaseAR, androgen receptorCTL, cytotoxic T lymphocyteCTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4HLA, human leukocyte antigenHer-2/neu, human epithelial growth factor receptor 2ODN, oligodeoxynucleotideOverexpressed tumor-self antigenTAA, tumor associated antigenTPD52TRAMP, Transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostateTreg, T regulatory cellVEGFR2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2WT-1, Wilms tumor-1hD52hD52, human TPD52mD52mD52, murine TPD52oncogenicsharedtumor protein D52universalvaccine
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