Solid state transformations in consequence of electrospraying--a novel polymorphic form of piroxicam

Area of Science:

• Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Materials Science
• Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

• Piroxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with known polymorphic forms.
• Controlling drug polymorphism is crucial for pharmaceutical formulation and bioavailability.
• Electrospraying offers a potential method for novel solid-state form generation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the potential of electrospraying to produce a new polymorphic form of piroxicam.
• To characterize the solid-state properties of electrosprayed piroxicam.
• To compare the electrosprayed form with known piroxicam polymorphs.

Main Methods:

• Piroxicam was dissolved in chloroform and electrosprayed.
• Characterization involved scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and spectroscopy (IR and Raman).
• Variable temperature XRD was used to study thermal behavior.

Main Results:

• Electrosprayed piroxicam exhibited an X-ray diffractogram inconsistent with known crystalline forms.
• Variable temperature XRD indicated recrystallization to Form I upon heating.
• Spectroscopic analysis revealed differences in IR and Raman spectra compared to Form I.
• No drug degradation or solvate removal was observed via HPLC and thermal analysis.

Conclusions:

• Electrospraying of piroxicam in chloroform yields a novel polymorphic form.
• This new form is distinct from previously reported piroxicam polymorphs.
• The findings highlight electrospraying as a viable technique for generating new drug crystalline structures.