Automated sample-changing robot for solution scattering experiments at the EMBL Hamburg SAXS station X33

Area of Science:

• Biophysics
• Structural Biology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is increasingly used for large-scale biological macromolecule studies.
• Automation is crucial for efficient high-throughput SAXS experiments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate an automated sample changer for solution SAXS.
• To improve the efficiency, reliability, and user-friendliness of SAXS experiments.

Main Methods:

• A prototype automated sample changer was developed, utilizing thermostatically controlled well plates for up to 192 samples.
• The protocol included automated loading of protein solutions and buffers, with in-situ cell cleaning and drying.
• The system was tested at the X33 beamline (EMBL, DESY) and controlled via a client-server network protocol.

Main Results:

• The automated system achieved a throughput of approximately 12 samples per hour with a sample loading failure rate below 0.5%.
• User feedback indicated significant improvements in ease of use and reliability compared to manual methods.
• The system demonstrated successful operation for over 50 external user groups.

Conclusions:

• The automated sample changer significantly enhances the efficiency and reliability of solution SAXS experiments.
• The developed system is adaptable for various sources, including synchrotron, laboratory, and neutron sources.
• Further integration with beamline control software is underway for fully automated data collection.