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Related Concept Videos

Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

126
In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
126
Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

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Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
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X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

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The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

50.1K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip
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Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip

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Chemical crystallography and crystal engineering.

Gautam R Desiraju1

  • 1Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012, India.

Iucrj
|December 9, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Modern chemical crystallography thrives on the synergistic relationship between chemistry and crystallography. This interdisciplinary field highlights the essential contributions each science makes to the other.

Keywords:
Editorialchemical crystallographycrystal engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Chemical Crystallography

Background:

  • Crystallography provides essential structural insights into chemical compounds.
  • Chemistry enables the synthesis and understanding of crystalline materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the concept of modern chemical crystallography.
  • To highlight the symbiotic relationship between chemistry and crystallography.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review
  • Conceptual analysis

Main Results:

  • The mutual dependence of chemistry and crystallography is fundamental.
  • This synergy is the defining characteristic of modern chemical crystallography.

Conclusions:

  • Modern chemical crystallography is an inherently interdisciplinary field.
  • The advancements in one field directly benefit the other, fostering innovation.