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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
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Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

17
Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
17
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

903
Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
903
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

16
Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...
16
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

1.6K
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
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Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

20
Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch
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Appendicitis.

Nigel D'Souza1, Karen Nugent

  • 1Wessex Deanery, UK.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|December 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary

For acute appendicitis, this review compares surgery versus antibiotics. Evidence suggests antibiotics may be a viable alternative to surgery for uncomplicated appendicitis, but further research is needed.

Area of Science:

  • General Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Appendicitis, a common surgical emergency, involves appendix inflammation and can lead to severe complications if untreated.
  • Current standard treatment for uncomplicated appendicitis is surgery.
  • Emerging evidence supports antibiotic use as an alternative treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and compare the effectiveness and safety of surgical interventions versus antibiotic therapy for acute appendicitis.
  • To answer the clinical question: What are the effects of surgery compared with antibiotics for acute appendicitis?

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of medical literature.
  • Searched databases including Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Library up to May 2014.

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  • Included harms alerts from regulatory agencies like the FDA and MHRA.

    • Main Results:

    • Four studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.
    • GRADE evaluation was performed to assess the quality of evidence for interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • Presents information on the effectiveness and safety of surgery (laparoscopic and open appendectomy) compared with antibiotics for acute appendicitis.
    • Highlights the need for continued evaluation of antibiotic efficacy and safety in appendicitis management.