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Necrotizing enterocolitis in infants with ductal-dependent congenital heart disease

Kristian C Becker1, Christoph P Hornik1, C Michael Cotten2

  • 1Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.

American Journal of Perinatology
|December 9, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Infants with congenital heart disease receiving prostaglandins had a low incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis. Enteral feeding did not significantly increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in these infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) on prostaglandin (PGE) therapy may face increased risks for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
  • Enteral feeding is a potential risk factor for NEC in this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence of NEC in infants with ductal-dependent CHD receiving PGEs.
  • To determine the association between enteral feeding and NEC development in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study of 6,710 infants with ductal-dependent CHD receiving PGEs between 1997 and 2010.
  • Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of NEC with enteral feeding and other risk factors, controlling for gestational age.

Main Results:

  • The overall incidence of NEC was low (0.3%) in infants with ductal-dependent CHD on PGE therapy.
  • Enteral feeding was not significantly associated with an increased odds of NEC (OR 2.08; 95% CI 0.38, 11.7).
  • Single-ventricle heart defects were associated with increased NEC odds (OR 2.82; 95% CI 1.23, 6.49), but the overall risk remained low.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of NEC in infants with ductal-dependent CHD on PGE therapy is low.
  • Enteral feeding does not appear to increase the risk of NEC in this patient population.
Abstract

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