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The Ras Gene

The Ras Gene

The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Single Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction for Comprehensive and Simultaneous Detection of Mutations in Hotspot Regions

Single Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction for Comprehensive and Simultaneous Detection of Mutations in Hotspot Regions

Published on: September 25, 2018

KRAS mutation testing in clinical practice.

Sudhir Perincheri¹, Pei Hui

¹Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8023, USA.

Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics

|December 10, 2014

Summary

KRAS mutation testing is crucial for diagnosing and treating common cancers like colorectal and lung cancer. This essential biomarker helps guide targeted therapies and predict patient survival, expanding its role in precision medicine.

Keywords:

KRAS clinical oncology mutation testing

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Diagnostics
Genetics

Background:

Activating KRAS mutations are key drivers in numerous human cancers.
KRAS mutation status is a critical biomarker in clinical oncology.
KRAS mutations correlate with increased cancer aggressiveness and poorer patient survival.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the significance of KRAS mutation testing in oncology.
To discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of KRAS testing.
To explore the future role of KRAS testing in precision medicine.

Main Methods:

Review of current clinical oncology practices.
Analysis of KRAS mutation testing utility in various cancers.
Examination of KRAS's role in targeted therapy and diagnostics.

Main Results:

KRAS mutation testing is vital for stratifying patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma and lung cancer for targeted therapies.
Diagnostic utility of KRAS testing is established in pancreaticobiliary and thyroid cancers, including cytological samples.
KRAS mutation testing is integral to personalized medicine strategies.

Conclusions:

KRAS mutation testing is an indispensable tool in modern oncology.
Its application extends from guiding targeted treatments to aiding cancer diagnosis.
Future directions involve combinatorial therapies and testing of related molecular effectors.