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Openness to Experience and Intellect Differentially Predict Creative Achievement in the Arts and Sciences
Scott Barry Kaufman1, Lena C Quilty2, Rachael G Grazioplene3
1The Imagination Institute, Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania.
Journal of Personality
|December 10, 2014
Summary
Openness predicts artistic creativity, while Intellect predicts scientific creativity. Cognitive abilities also contribute to scientific creative achievement, and Extraversion aids artistic creativity.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Cognitive Science
- Personality Research
Background:
- The Big Five personality trait Openness/Intellect is linked to creativity.
- The distinct roles of its facets, Openness to Experience and Intellect, in creativity are not well understood.
- Investigating discriminant validity of Openness and Intellect is crucial for understanding creativity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the independent predictive validity of Openness and Intellect on creative achievement.
- To differentiate the roles of Openness and Intellect in artistic versus scientific creativity.
- To explore the influence of cognitive abilities and Extraversion on creative achievement.
Main Methods:
- Four diverse samples (N=1,035) were used.
- Assessed personality (Openness, Intellect, Extraversion), cognitive ability, divergent thinking, and creative achievement in arts and sciences.
- Statistical analyses were performed to determine predictive validity.
Main Results:
- Openness to Experience significantly predicted creative achievement in the arts.
- Intellect significantly predicted creative achievement in the sciences.
- Cognitive ability and divergent thinking partially mediated the relationship between Intellect and scientific creativity.
- Extraversion also predicted artistic creative achievement, independent of Openness.
Conclusions:
- Openness and Intellect have distinct predictive roles in different creative domains.
- Cognitive abilities are important for scientific creativity, alongside Intellect.
- Personality traits, including Extraversion, contribute uniquely to creative achievement in specific fields.
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