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Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions
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Exosomes and other extracellular vesicles in host-pathogen interactions.

Jeffrey S Schorey1, Yong Cheng2, Prachi P Singh2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA schorey.1@nd.edu.

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Extracellular vesicles called exosomes can spread molecules during infections. These vesicles may either boost or hinder the immune system's ability to fight pathogens.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Effective immunity relies on immune cells accessing pathogens.
  • Immune cell accessibility to foreign material is critical for infection control.
  • Exosomes, involved in cell communication, may disseminate pathogen and host molecules during infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of exosomes and extracellular vesicles in host immunity during infections.
  • To explore how these vesicles influence the immune response to various pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on exosomes and extracellular vesicles in infections.
  • Analysis of vesicle composition and function during viral, parasitic, fungal, and bacterial infections.

Main Results:

  • Exosomes and extracellular vesicles are produced during various infections.
  • These vesicles contain pathogen- and host-derived molecules.
  • Their function can either promote or inhibit host immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes play a significant role in the dissemination of molecules during infection.
  • Extracellular vesicles can modulate host immune responses, impacting infection outcomes.