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Perinatal mortality trends in Ethiopia
1Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics.
Perinatal mortality in Ethiopia remains high, with no significant reduction observed over decades in hospital or community settings. While neonatal mortality declined, this was mainly due to fewer late neonatal deaths.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Perinatal Health
Background:
- Ethiopia faces high perinatal mortality rates, exceeding those in many Sub-Saharan African nations.
- A systematic review was needed to analyze trends and causes of perinatal death in Ethiopia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and assess the trend of perinatal mortality rate (PMR) in Ethiopia.
- To identify the primary causes contributing to perinatal deaths.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of sixteen hospital and community-based studies conducted between 1974 and 2013.
- Analysis focused on trends in Perinatal Mortality Rate (PMR), Stillbirth Rate (SBR), and Early Neonatal Mortality Rate (ENMR).
Main Results:
- Hospital-based PMRs ranged from 66-124/1000 births; community-based PMRs ranged from 37-52/1000 births.
- Stillbirths and early neonatal deaths were notably high in both settings.
- Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) decreased by over 40% from 1990 to 2011.
Conclusions:
- Ethiopia's PMR is among the highest in Sub-Saharan Africa.
- Perinatal mortality has shown no significant reduction over decades in both hospital and community settings.
- The decline in NMR is primarily attributed to a reduction in late neonatal mortality.
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