An algorithm for the evaluation and treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Pain Management
• Spine Surgery

Background:

• Low back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent, affecting up to 90% of adults.
• Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction is a significant contributor to LBP, estimated in 13-30% of cases.
• SIJ fusion is an emerging treatment option for refractory SIJ dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a literature-based algorithm for the evaluation and treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction.
• To provide clinicians with a structured approach to managing patients with suspected SIJ dysfunction.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review.
• Development of a clinical decision-making algorithm based on evidence.
• Synthesis of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for SIJ dysfunction.

Main Results:

• The algorithm outlines key steps for diagnosing SIJ dysfunction.
• It differentiates SIJ pain from other causes of LBP.
• It guides treatment choices, including conservative and surgical options like SIJ fusion.

Conclusions:

• A structured, evidence-based approach can improve the management of sacroiliac joint dysfunction.
• The proposed algorithm aids clinicians in optimizing patient care for LBP attributed to SIJ issues.
• This tool supports informed decision-making regarding SIJ fusion and other interventions.