Thermal cycling effect of dicalcium phosphate-reinforced composites on auto-mineralized dental resin

The mineralizing capabilities of surface-modified dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), reinforced and treated with nanocrystals and capped with silane, in composite resins were analyzed via thermal cycling. We compared two light-curable composites that were mixed at filler-to-resin mass ratios of 30/70 and 50/50. The strengths, elastic moduli, and topographical structures of the samples were determined after thermal cycling between 5 and 55°C in deionized water for 600 and 2400 cycles. Silane-capped particles decreased the strength but enhanced the mineralizing capability of the composites. Nanocrystal-treated filler surfaces significantly increased the strength and moduli of the composites after 600 thermal cycles. However, these values declined after 2400 thermal cycles. The nanocrystal-treated filler surfaces prevented the reduction in strength before and after 2400 thermal cycles. Prior to silane capping, the nanocrystal-treated DCPA filler surfaces exhibited good mineralization capability without compromising strength. The potential for barrier generation through mineralization yielded positive effects and prevented micro-leakages.