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The genus Bipolaris.

D S Manamgoda1, A Y Rossman2, L A Castlebury2

  • 1Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China ; World Agro-forestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Kunming 650201, China ; Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville 20705, MA, USA.

Studies in Mycology
|December 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study revises the Bipolaris genus, clarifying taxonomy and species identification using molecular data. The Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) gene proved most effective for Bipolaris species identification.

Keywords:
Brown spot of riceField crop diseasesGraminicolous fungiHelminthosporoid generaPleosporalesSouthern corn leaf blightTaxonomymolecular phylogeny

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Systematics

Background:

  • The Bipolaris genus comprises significant plant pathogens with global distribution.
  • Previous species recognition was hindered by limited molecular data from ex-type cultures and overlapping morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To revise the Bipolaris genus using molecular phylogenetic analyses.
  • To clarify species taxonomy, host associations, geographic distributions, and synonymies.
  • To redefine generic boundaries between Bipolaris and Curvularia.

Main Methods:

  • DNA sequence data from internal transcribed spacer (ITS), Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH), and Translation Elongation Factor (TEF) genes.
  • Phylogenetic analyses of living cultures, ex-type cultures, and type specimens.
  • Morphological observations and taxonomic key development.

Main Results:

  • The GPDH gene is identified as the optimal single marker for Bipolaris species identification.
  • Forty-seven species are accepted in Bipolaris, with revised taxonomy, host associations, and distributions.
  • Seven new combinations are proposed in the Curvularia genus.
  • Updated phylogenetic trees clarify relationships within Bipolaris and between Bipolaris and Curvularia.

Conclusions:

  • This revision provides a robust molecular framework for Bipolaris taxonomy.
  • The study enhances understanding of Bipolaris and Curvularia generic boundaries.
  • A taxonomic key facilitates morphological identification of Bipolaris species.