Noiseless Conditional Teleportation of a Single Photon

Area of Science:

• Quantum Information Science
• Quantum Optics
• Experimental Physics

Background:

• Quantum teleportation typically suffers from photon loss, degrading the fidelity of transferred quantum states.
• Continuous-variable quantum teleportation, while advanced, still faces challenges with photon loss even under optimal gain tuning.

Purpose of the Study:

• To experimentally demonstrate noiseless quantum teleportation of a single photon.
• To circumvent photon loss inherent in standard quantum teleportation protocols.
• To preserve the negativity of the Wigner function for arbitrary quantum states using this improved method.

Main Methods:

• Conditioning teleportation on quadrature Bell measurement results near the origin in phase space.
• Implementing a novel approach to suppress photon loss during the teleportation process.
• Utilizing entangled resource states for quantum state transfer.

Main Results:

• Achieved noiseless conditional teleportation of a single photon, significantly reducing photon loss.
• Preserved the negativity of the Wigner function for arbitrary pure input and resource states.
• Demonstrated a transition from a positive to a negative Wigner function at the origin (W(0,0)=0.015±0.001 to W(0,0)=-0.025±0.005) after conditioning, confirming the method's efficacy.

Conclusions:

• The developed noiseless conditional teleportation effectively suppresses photon loss.
• This technique enables the preservation of quantum state negativity, a key indicator of non-classicality.
• The experimental results validate the significant advantage of noiseless conditional teleportation over conventional methods.