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Effector-triggered immunity: from pathogen perception to robust defense.

Haitao Cui1, Kenichi Tsuda, Jane E Parker

  • 1Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany; email: cui@mpipz.mpg.de , tsuda@mpipz.mpg.de , parker@mpipz.mpg.de.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant cells use intracellular nucleotide-binding/leucine-rich-repeat (NLR) receptors to detect pathogen effectors and trigger rapid defense responses. These NLRs ensure robust immunity through network coordination and dynamic gene regulation for disease resistance.

Keywords:
NLR receptorsdefense networksdisease resistance signalingplant-pathogen coevolutiontranscriptional reprogramming

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular genetics

Background:

  • Plant cells possess innate immunity to detect and respond to pathogen attacks.
  • Intracellular recognition mechanisms, particularly nucleotide-binding/leucine-rich-repeat (NLR) receptors, are crucial for intercepting pathogen virulence factors (effectors).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which plant NLRs confer resistance against pathogen effectors.
  • To understand how NLRs integrate defense signaling pathways for robust and adaptable immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the function of polymorphic intracellular NLR receptors.
  • Analyzed the interaction of NLRs with basal resistance networks and cellular compartments.
  • Examined the role of NLRs in regulating transcription factors near nuclear chromatin.

Main Results:

  • NLRs detect effector interference within various cellular locations.
  • Effector-activated NLRs link to defense networks, boosting transcriptional defense programs.
  • NLR mobility and pathway coordination enhance immune flexibility and robustness.
  • NLRs modulate chromatin-associated transcription factors for dynamic disease resistance programming.

Conclusions:

  • Plant NLRs are key players in innate immunity, providing robust and adaptable disease resistance.
  • NLRs utilize diverse mechanisms, including cellular localization, network integration, and transcriptional control, to fine-tune immune responses.