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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
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Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
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Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

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2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
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2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

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Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
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Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments02:36

Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments

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The VSEPR theory can be used to determine the electron pair geometries and molecular structures as follows:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
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Long-range orientation correlation in water.

David P Shelton1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4002, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|December 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Liquid water exhibits unexpected long-range molecular orientation correlations, extending beyond a few molecular diameters. These findings challenge previous assumptions about molecular interactions in liquids and suggest a novel mechanism involving acoustic phonons.

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Liquid State Physics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Intermolecular interactions in liquids typically lead to short-range correlations.
  • Previous assumptions limited molecular orientation correlations to a few molecular diameters.
  • Understanding molecular correlations is key to liquid properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatial extent of molecular orientation correlations in liquid water.
  • To explore the nature of molecular dipole orientation distributions in liquids.
  • To identify potential mechanisms behind observed long-range correlations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing second-harmonic light scattering experiments.
  • Performing angle-dependent measurements to probe spatial scales.

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  • Analyzing molecular dipole orientation distributions.

    • Main Results:

    • Observed long-range molecular orientation correlations in liquid water.
    • Molecular dipole orientation distribution approximates a transverse vector field.
    • Correlations were detected over spatial scales from 200 to 2000 nm.

    Conclusions:

    • Liquid water displays molecular orientation correlations extending much farther than previously assumed.
    • Rotation-translation coupling in acoustic phonons is a likely cause for these long-range correlations.
    • Findings necessitate a re-evaluation of molecular dynamics models for liquids.