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The interpersonal process model of demand/withdraw behavior.

Brian R Baucom1, Janna A Dickenson1, David C Atkins2

  • 1Department of Psychology.

Journal of Family Psychology : JFP : Journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43)
|December 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Relationship conflict often involves demand/withdraw patterns. This study shows that partners' vocal emotional arousal influences both their own and their partner's demanding or withdrawing behaviors during conflict discussions.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Communication Studies
  • Relationship Science

Background:

  • The demand/withdraw interaction pattern is a destructive communication cycle linked to negative relationship outcomes.
  • Existing theories on the link between emotional reactions and demand/withdraw behavior lack empirical consistency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and test the interpersonal process model of demand/withdraw behavior.
  • To examine the linkages between partners' emotional reactions and their demanding/withdrawing behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 55 German couples during problem-solving discussions.
  • Utilized observational coding for demand/withdraw behavior.
  • Measured vocal emotional arousal using fundamental frequency (f₀).
  • Applied actor-partner interdependence models to analyze behavioral and vocal data.

Main Results:

  • Significant cross-partner associations were found between demanding and withdrawing behaviors.
  • Partners' vocal arousal partially explained these behavioral associations.
  • Increased vocal arousal in demanders led to more demanding and less withdrawing, while their partners withdrew more.
  • Increased vocal arousal in withdrawers led to less demanding and more withdrawing by their partners.

Conclusions:

  • Demand/withdraw behavior dynamics vary significantly between couples and within discussions.
  • Findings support the interpersonal process model, highlighting intra- and interpersonal pathways between emotion and behavior.
  • Partners' specific roles (demander/withdrawer) are crucial in understanding these emotional-behavioral linkages.