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Measures of Intelligence01:29

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Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
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Results From Three Performance Validity Tests in Children With Intellectual Disability.

Paul Green1, Lloyd Flaro1

  • 1a Private Practice , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada.

Applied Neuropsychology. Child
|December 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Children with intellectual disability (ID) can pass performance validity tests (PVTs) like the WMT and MSVT, even with a low Full-Scale IQ. These results challenge the assumption that low IQ alone explains PVT failure.

Keywords:
MSVTMedical Symptom Validity TestPVTWMTWord Memory Testeffortintellectual disabilitymalingeringmental retardationperformance validity test

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Performance validity tests (PVTs) assess response consistency and effort.
  • Failure on PVTs is often interpreted as indicative of poor effort, but cognitive impairment can also affect performance.
  • Establishing the threshold for cognitive impairment sufficient to cause PVT failure is crucial for accurate interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of children with intellectual disability (ID) on specific PVTs.
  • To determine if a Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ) below 70 is sufficient to cause failure on the Word Memory Test (WMT) and Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT).

Main Methods:

  • Children diagnosed with ID were administered the WMT, MSVT, and Nonverbal Medical Symptom Validity Test.
  • Performance was analyzed in relation to their FSIQ scores and reading level.
  • Comparison was made with children of higher intelligence.

Main Results:

  • Children with ID did not fail the WMT or MSVT if they possessed at least a Grade 3 reading level.
  • Children with ID did not exhibit higher failure rates on these PVTs compared to children with significantly higher intelligence.
  • An FSIQ range of 48 to 70 was insufficient to fully account for PVT failure in the studied children.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive impairment, as indicated by an FSIQ between 48 and 70, does not fully explain failure on the WMT and MSVT in children.
  • These findings suggest that PVT failure in individuals with ID may not solely be attributable to poor effort.
  • Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay between cognitive ability, effort, and PVT performance.