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Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Anterior Segment Organ Culture Platform for Tracking Open Globe Injuries and Therapeutic Performance
Published on: August 25, 2021
OASI: a preventable injury?
Habiba Kapaya1, Sharifah Hashim1, Swati Jha1
1Department of Urogynaecology, Level 4 Jessop Wing, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, NHS Trust, Tree Root Walk, Sheffield S10 2SF, United Kingdom.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injury and whether any of them were modifiable.
Study Design:
This was a retrospective review of 2572 women (cases=1286; controls=1286) that took place over a 10 year period at a University teaching hospital. Maternal (Age, Parity, BMI and ethnicity), Obstetric (gestational age, assistance during delivery, episiotomy) and fetal (weight) risk factors were analyzed using logistic regression model presented as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Both univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted with outcome variables comparing cases and controls. Cases without instrumental deliveries were also compared to controls to exclude for the effect of assisted delivery.
Results:
This study shows that in addition to instrumental delivery, primiparity (OR 9.8; CI 7.8-12.3), episiotomy (OR 8.6; CI 6.4-11.6), gestational age over 41 weeks (OR 1.5; CI 1.2-1.9), fetal weight over 4 kg (OR 3.2; CI 2.3-4.4) and Asian ethnicity (OR 1.9; CI 1.4-2.7) were all strongly associated with OASI. A raised BMI over 30 appeared to have a protective effect (OR 0.4; CI 0.2-0.5).
Conclusions:
Most risk factors related to OASI are non-modifiable however gestational age and episiotomy are modifiable risk factors.
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