[Sports-related concussions in youths]

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Sports Medicine
• Pediatrics

Context:

• Sports-related head injuries are common in pediatric athletes across various disciplines.
• Concussion, a transient brain function impairment without radiological findings, is often misdiagnosed.
• Lack of awareness regarding diagnostic tools among frontline medical professionals, coaches, and parents contributes to misdiagnosis.

Purpose:

• To highlight the definition and implications of concussion in pediatric sports.
• To underscore the risks associated with misdiagnosis and delayed management.
• To advocate for standardized diagnostic tools and protocols.

Summary:

• Concussion in pediatric sports requires careful diagnosis to prevent persistent neurocognitive deficits.
• Current consensual diagnostic tools are underutilized by key stakeholders.
• A gradual, phased return to play over 3 weeks or more, alongside cognitive rest, is recommended.
• Prevention strategies include risk education, rule modifications, and helmet use, though helmet efficacy varies.

Impact:

• Improved recognition and management of concussion in young athletes.
• Reduced incidence of long-term neurocognitive and academic sequelae.
• Enhanced player safety through informed decision-making and appropriate return-to-play protocols.