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Related Concept Videos

Microbial Biosensors01:17

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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...
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Approaching near real-time biosensing: microfluidic microsphere based biosensor for real-time analyte detection.

Noa Cohen1, Pooja Sabhachandani1, Alexander Golberg2

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 140 The Fenway, Room 441/ 446, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, 02115 MA, USA.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|December 16, 2014
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Summary

This study introduces a lab-on-a-chip biosensor for rapid, real-time diagnostics of cytokines and antibodies. The novel microfluidic design overcomes limitations of traditional immunoassays, enabling sensitive detection with minimal sample and reagents.

Keywords:
AntibodyCytokineLab on a chipMicrosphereReal time detectionTNF-α

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Standard immunoassays are often limited by slow reaction kinetics and diffusion control.
  • Detecting dynamic changes in clinically relevant analytes like cytokines requires sensitive and rapid methods.
  • Existing diagnostic tools often require large sample volumes and multiple steps, increasing time and cost.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) biosensor for near real-time diagnostics.
  • To overcome the rate-limiting adsorption kinetics in conventional immunoassays.
  • To enable sensitive and specific detection of analytes like cytokines and antibodies using minimal biological specimens.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a well-mixed microfluidic device with turbulent flow profiles.
  • Integrated a microsphere-based assay for dynamic analyte detection.
  • Developed a mathematical model to describe the near real-time detection mechanism.
  • Demonstrated specificity and sensitivity using Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α and anti-TNF-α antibody.

Main Results:

  • Achieved near real-time detection of analytes by overcoming diffusion-controlled limitations.
  • The LOC device continuously sampled micro-liter volumes, detecting dynamic concentration changes.
  • Demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity for TNF-α and anti-TNF-α antibody detection.
  • Reduced reagent volumes by nearly three orders of magnitude compared to standard immunoassays.

Conclusions:

  • The developed LOC biosensor offers a sensitive, specific, and continuous near real-time monitoring method for cytokines and antibodies.
  • This approach significantly reduces reagent consumption and eliminates laborious washing steps.
  • The integrated microsphere-based LOC device presents a promising advancement for rapid clinical diagnostics.