Digital quantum Rabi and Dicke models in superconducting circuits

Area of Science:

• Quantum simulation
• Quantum optics
• Circuit quantum electrodynamics

Background:

• The quantum Rabi and Dicke models are fundamental to understanding light-matter interactions.
• Simulating these models in all physical regimes, especially exotic ones, is computationally challenging.
• Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) setups have limitations in realizing certain physical regimes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose an analog-digital quantum simulation approach for the quantum Rabi and Dicke models.
• To explore the simulation of challenging physical regimes not accessible in typical cavity QED.
• To investigate the emergence of relativistic dynamics from quantum models.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) for quantum simulations.
• Employing unitary decomposition into digital steps for simulation.
• Analyzing the quantum Rabi model in the limit of vanishing mode frequency.

Main Results:

• All physical regimes of the quantum Rabi and Dicke models can be simulated.
• Unique physical regimes, inaccessible in standard cavity QED, are achievable.
• The Dirac equation dynamics emerge from the quantum Rabi model when the mode frequency vanishes.

Conclusions:

• The proposed analog-digital quantum simulation is feasible with current superconducting circuit technology.
• This method offers a powerful tool for exploring fundamental quantum phenomena.
• The simulation provides insights into the connection between quantum optics models and relativistic physics.