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Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro
Published on: March 6, 2019
Glycine hydroxamate inhibits tyrosinase activity and melanin contents through downregulating cAMP/PKA signaling
Yin-Shiou Lin1, Wen-Chung Wu, Shyr-Yi Lin
1Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Abstract:
Among the eight amino acid hydroxamates tested, Glycine hydroxamate (GH) was the best inhibitor of mushroom tyrosinase (TYR). With L-tyrosine as substrate, the GH inhibition of the monophenolase activity of the mushroom TYR was noncompetitive. GH decreased not only TYR protein expression, but also melanin content, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, TRP-2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression in B16F10 melanoma cells while in the presence of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). GH also significantly decreased the isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX)-induced increase in melanin content, which was not prevented by the ERK inhibitor PD98059. These results suggest GH has the potential for use in cosmetic hypopigmentation.
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Pigmentation
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...