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Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain
Published on: May 10, 2017
Tic versus TAC: differentiating the neuralgias (trigeminal neuralgia) from the cephalalgias (SUNCT and SUNA)
Juliana VanderPluym1, Lawrence Richer
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, 4-478 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405-87 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1C9, Canada, juliana.vanderpluym@albertahealthservices.ca.
Abstract:
Trigeminal neuralgia, short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with autonomic symptoms (SUNA) are classified as distinct disorders in the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 beta (ICHD-3 beta). SUNCT and SUNA are primary headache disorders included among the trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Trigeminal neuralgia is classified under painful cranial neuropathies and other facial pains. The classification criteria of these conditions overlap significantly which could lead to misdiagnosis. The reported overlap among these conditions has called into question whether they should be considered distinct entities or rather a continuum of the same disorder. This review explores the known overlap and how other features not included in the ICHD-3 beta criteria may better differentiate the "Tics" (trigeminal neuralgia) from the "TACs" (SUNCT and SUNA).
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