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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Heart01:27

Development of the Heart

4.0K
The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...
4.0K
Anatomy of the Heart01:20

Anatomy of the Heart

5.8K
The heart is a hollow, muscular organ approximately the size of a fist, consisting of four chambers. It is enclosed in the pericardium, a fibrous sac with two layers: the visceral and parietal pericardium, separated by a fluid-filled space containing serous fluid to reduce friction.
The heart has three layers: the innermost endocardium, the muscular myocardium, and the outer epicardium, all working together for optimal cardiac function.
Chambers of the Heart
The heart is made up of four...
5.8K
Anatomy of the Heart01:27

Anatomy of the Heart

125.0K
The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
125.0K
Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

16.9K
The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
16.9K
Overview of the Heart01:07

Overview of the Heart

16.8K
The heart, a muscular organ located in the chest, functions as the body's pump, circulating blood through the vascular system. It has four chambers: two atria on top and two ventricles below. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and passes it to the right ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and transfers it to the left ventricle, which pumps it to the rest of the body.
The heart's structure...
16.8K
Location and Orientation of the Heart01:13

Location and Orientation of the Heart

15.2K
The human heart, despite its modest size and weight, is an organ of remarkable strength and endurance. Roughly the size of a fist, the heart weighs between 250 and 350 grams and is nestled within the mediastinum, the medial cavity of the thorax. It extends obliquely for about 12 to 14 cm, resting on the superior surface of the diaphragm. The heart is positioned anterior to the vertebral column and posterior to the sternum, with two-thirds of its mass lying to the left of the midsternal line.
15.2K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Large-scale Zebrafish Embryonic Heart Dissection for Transcriptional Analysis
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Large-scale Zebrafish Embryonic Heart Dissection for Transcriptional Analysis

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[FGF23 and the heart].

I Ezumba, L D Quarles, C P Kovesdy

    Giornale Italiano Di Nefrologia : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Nefrologia
    |December 16, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising, increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in CKD patients is linked to CVD, but pathways require further study for targeted therapies.

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    Gene Transfer for Ischemic Heart Failure in a Preclinical Model
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    Gene Transfer for Ischemic Heart Failure in a Preclinical Model

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    Gene Transfer for Ischemic Heart Failure in a Preclinical Model
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    Gene Transfer for Ischemic Heart Failure in a Preclinical Model

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Cardiology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is increasing globally, driven by diabetes, hypertension, and an aging population.
    • CKD is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), with higher mortality from CVD events than end-stage renal disease in affected patients.
    • Cardiac remodeling, leading to left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction, contributes to high rates of sudden cardiac death and heart failure in CKD patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors in CKD.
    • To explore the specific contribution of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in CKD-associated cardiovascular complications.
    • To clarify the pathophysiological pathways linking FGF23 to increased CVD risk in CKD.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of recent studies on CKD and cardiovascular disease.
    • Analysis of the role of mineral and bone disorder abnormalities in CKD patients.
    • Examination of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) as a potential non-traditional cardiovascular risk factor.

    Main Results:

    • Traditional CVD risk factors like hypertension and hyperlipidemia may not be the primary drivers of CVD in CKD.
    • Abnormalities in CKD-related mineral and bone disorder, particularly elevated FGF23, are extensively studied.
    • The precise mechanisms by which FGF23 contributes to cardiovascular disease in CKD remain under investigation.

    Conclusions:

    • Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) plays a significant role in cardiovascular disease development in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.
    • FGF23 may exert both direct and indirect effects on the cardiovascular system.
    • Further understanding of FGF23's pathophysiological pathways is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic interventions against cardiovascular disease in CKD.