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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

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Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance...
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Pneumothorax-I01:26

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

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Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, is a life-saving emergency procedure performed when a person's heart has stopped beating or they are no longer breathing. The foundation of CPR is Basic Life Support (BLS), which focuses on the early recognition of cardiac arrest, the immediate start of high-quality chest compressions, and the timely use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Assessing Responsiveness and Checking the Carotid PulseWhen approaching an unresponsive person, first ensure...
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Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Development of pneumoperitoneum after CPR.

Vishnu R Mani1, Laxman Pradhan1, Sanjiv Gray1

  • 1Harlem Hospital, Columbia Medical Center, United States.

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
|December 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Pneumoperitoneum, a rare complication of chest compressions, can occur due to viscus perforation. Emergency personnel should recognize risk factors, especially when an orogastric tube is present during resuscitation.

Keywords:
CPRGastric perforationNasogastricOrogastricPneumoperitoneumResuscitation

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Chest compressions, while vital, carry known complications.
  • Pneumoperitoneum is a rare but serious complication, often resulting from viscus perforation.
  • Clear management guidelines for this condition are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report an uncommon case of pneumoperitoneum following chest compressions.
  • To discuss potential risk factors, including orogastric tube presence.
  • To review existing literature on viscus perforation during resuscitation.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 79-year-old male experiencing pneumoperitoneum post-resuscitation.
  • Clinical examination revealing abdominal distension and tympany.
  • Radiographic confirmation of pneumoperitoneum via X-ray imaging.

Main Results:

  • Pneumoperitoneum was diagnosed following successful chest compressions.
  • An orogastric tube was in situ during the resuscitation attempt.
  • Abdominal X-ray confirmed free air under the diaphragm.

Conclusions:

  • The exact cause of viscus perforation remains unclear in this case.
  • The presence of an orogastric tube may be a contributing risk factor.
  • Awareness of risk factors for viscus perforation during chest compressions is crucial for emergency personnel.