Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

824
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
824
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

3.7K
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
3.7K
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

738
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
738
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

2.5K
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
2.5K
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

1.0K
Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
1.0K
Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview01:26

Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview

2.1K
Drugs, the chemical agents used in diagnosing, treating, or preventing diseases, undergo a four-phase process of development: pharmaceutic, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic.
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Reliable Change Indices and Standardized Regression Norms for the Hungarian version of the BICAMS questionnaire.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2026
Same author

Real-World Laboratory Analysis of Molecular Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis Centers in Central-Eastern European Countries Covering 107 Million Inhabitants.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

NEDA-state, psychological symptoms and quality of life are stable in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients: An up to 6-years long follow-up study.

Heliyon·2024
Same author

Validation of the Fatigue Impact Scale in Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Serbia.

Brain sciences·2024
Same author

Fatigue and depression influence the prevalence of anxiety in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2024
Same author

The 7-year follow-up of the Hungarian BICAMS validation cohort implies that cognitive performance may improve in multiple sclerosis patients.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Dynamic Adhesion Assay for the Functional Analysis of Anti-adhesion Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
08:27

Dynamic Adhesion Assay for the Functional Analysis of Anti-adhesion Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Published on: September 20, 2018

8.2K

[[Natalizumab therapy, 2013].

Mária Karácsony, Krisztina Bencsik, László Vécsei

    Ideggyogyaszati Szemle
    |December 17, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments include natalizumab, which is effective but carries a risk of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML). Risk factors for PML include JCV antibody status and treatment duration, guiding personalized treatment decisions.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Immunology
    • Virology

    Context:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system disease impacting young adults.
    • Current MS therapies aim to reduce disease activity, with varying efficacy.
    • Natalizumab offers significant efficacy but presents risks, including progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML).

    Purpose:

    • To analyze the risk factors associated with natalizumab-induced progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML).
    • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of natalizumab compared to other MS treatments.
    • To inform clinical decision-making regarding natalizumab therapy initiation and continuation.

    Summary:

    • Natalizumab is a potent second-line therapy for MS, significantly reducing disease activity.

    More Related Videos

    Tumor Treating Field Therapy in Combination with Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma
    06:15

    Tumor Treating Field Therapy in Combination with Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma

    Published on: October 27, 2014

    28.0K
    Multimodal Quantitative Phase Imaging with Digital Holographic Microscopy Accurately Assesses Intestinal Inflammation and Epithelial Wound Healing
    07:38

    Multimodal Quantitative Phase Imaging with Digital Holographic Microscopy Accurately Assesses Intestinal Inflammation and Epithelial Wound Healing

    Published on: September 13, 2016

    8.9K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 19, 2026

    Dynamic Adhesion Assay for the Functional Analysis of Anti-adhesion Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    08:27

    Dynamic Adhesion Assay for the Functional Analysis of Anti-adhesion Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

    Published on: September 20, 2018

    8.2K
    Tumor Treating Field Therapy in Combination with Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma
    06:15

    Tumor Treating Field Therapy in Combination with Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma

    Published on: October 27, 2014

    28.0K
    Multimodal Quantitative Phase Imaging with Digital Holographic Microscopy Accurately Assesses Intestinal Inflammation and Epithelial Wound Healing
    07:38

    Multimodal Quantitative Phase Imaging with Digital Holographic Microscopy Accurately Assesses Intestinal Inflammation and Epithelial Wound Healing

    Published on: September 13, 2016

    8.9K
  • Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML), a severe side effect of natalizumab, is linked to anti-JCV antibody status, treatment duration, and prior immunosuppression.
  • Risk stratification for PML is crucial, with anti-JCV antibody-negative patients having a substantially lower risk.
  • Discontinuation of natalizumab may be necessary for high-risk patients, with potential rebound effects and alternative treatments like fingolimod to consider.

    • Impact:

    • Provides critical data for personalized risk-benefit assessments of natalizumab in MS management.
    • Highlights the importance of JCV antibody testing and monitoring treatment duration.
    • Informs the development of safer MS treatment strategies and patient monitoring protocols.