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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
586
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
519
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs
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[Rheumatic joint diseases in the elderly].

Yuya Kondo, Masahiro Yokosawa, Shunta Kaneko

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |December 17, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is common in older adults, with distinct features and diagnostic challenges compared to younger patients. Treatment decisions for elderly-onset RA require careful consideration of co-morbidities and drug interactions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Rheumatology
    • Geriatric Medicine
    • Immunology

    Context:

    • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most prevalent rheumatic joint disease in the elderly population.
    • Advances in RA treatment are improving prognosis, leading to a growing number of elderly RA patients.
    • Distinguishing elderly-onset RA from other rheumatic conditions in older adults can be challenging.

    Purpose:

    • To highlight the unique clinical features of elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to young-onset RA.
    • To discuss the diagnostic difficulties in differentiating elderly-onset RA from other rheumatic diseases in the elderly.
    • To emphasize the importance of risk/benefit assessment for treatment selection in elderly patients with rheumatic joint diseases.

    Summary:

    • Elderly-onset RA presents with different systemic symptoms and joint distribution patterns than RA in younger individuals.
    • Differential diagnosis of elderly-onset RA must consider polymyalgia rheumatica, RS3PE syndrome, pseudogout, and osteoarthritis.
    • Co-morbidities and polypharmacy in the elderly necessitate a thorough risk/benefit evaluation for RA treatment.

    Impact:

    • Improved understanding of elderly-onset RA can lead to more accurate and timely diagnoses.
    • Enhanced diagnostic strategies can help differentiate RA from other rheumatic conditions in older adults.
    • Personalized treatment approaches considering co-morbidities will optimize outcomes for elderly RA patients.