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Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

What is the Skeletal System?

What is the Skeletal System?

The Functions of the Skeletal System

The Functions of the Skeletal System

The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...

Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Bone Remodeling and Repair

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

[Metabolic bone and joint diseases].

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine

|December 17, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers metabolic bone and joint diseases like osteomalacia and arthritis. It details recent advancements in understanding their pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

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Last Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics

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Published on: March 1, 2022

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Published on: June 8, 2014

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Immunology
Rheumatology

Context:

Metabolic bone and joint diseases, including osteomalacia, rheumatoid arthritis, and gouty arthritis, represent a significant health burden in adults.
Recent advancements in molecular biology and clinical studies offer new insights into these complex conditions.

Purpose:

To provide an updated overview of metabolic bone and joint diseases.
To introduce the latest findings in pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic strategies.

Summary:

The review synthesizes current knowledge on the pathophysiology of osteomalacia, rheumatoid arthritis, and gouty arthritis.
It highlights the newest diagnostic criteria and therapeutic interventions based on molecular biology and clinical observations.
Emphasis is placed on integrating molecular insights with clinical practice for improved patient outcomes.

Impact:

Facilitates a better understanding of metabolic bone and joint diseases for clinicians and researchers.
Aims to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy for patients suffering from these conditions.
Contributes to the advancement of evidence-based medicine in rheumatology and metabolic bone disease.