Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Tracking Neutrophil Intraluminal Crawling, Transendothelial Migration and Chemotaxis in Tissue by Intravital Video Microscopy
15:01

Tracking Neutrophil Intraluminal Crawling, Transendothelial Migration and Chemotaxis in Tissue by Intravital Video Microscopy

Published on: September 24, 2011

Neutrophil Mac-1 and MEL-14 adhesion proteins inversely regulated by chemotactic factors

T K Kishimoto1, M A Jutila, E L Berg

  • 1Department of Pathology, Stanford University, CA 94305.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 15, 1989
PubMed

Insights

Neutrophil Mac-1 increases with activation, while gp100MEL-14 sheds rapidly. This shedding may prevent activated neutrophils from damaging healthy tissues during inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Neutrophil extravasation is crucial during inflammation, involving adhesion proteins like Mac-1 and gp100MEL-14.
  • Mac-1 expression and activity significantly increase upon neutrophil activation.
  • gp100MEL-14 is rapidly shed from the neutrophil surface after activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of gp100MEL-14 shedding in neutrophil function during inflammation.
  • To understand the differential regulation of Mac-1 and gp100MEL-14 during neutrophil activation and extravasation.

Main Methods:

  • Neutrophil activation assays using chemotactic factors and phorbol esters.
  • Measurement of Mac-1 and gp100MEL-14 expression and shedding.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis of gp100MEL-14 on extravasated neutrophils in inflamed tissue.

Main Results:

  • Neutrophil activation led to a rapid shedding of gp100MEL-14, releasing a 96-kDa fragment.
  • gp100MEL-14 was downregulated on neutrophils that had extravasated into inflamed tissue.
  • Mac-1 expression and activity were upregulated following neutrophil activation.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid shedding of gp100MEL-14 upon activation is a key regulatory mechanism.
  • This shedding may prevent activated neutrophils from binding to and damaging healthy endothelium.
  • gp100MEL-14 might play a role in the initial adhesion of unactivated neutrophils to the endothelium.

More Related Videos

An All-on-chip Method for Rapid Neutrophil Chemotaxis Analysis Directly from a Drop of Blood07:21

An All-on-chip Method for Rapid Neutrophil Chemotaxis Analysis Directly from a Drop of Blood

Published on: June 23, 2017

Time-lapse Imaging of Mouse Macrophage Chemotaxis09:33

Time-lapse Imaging of Mouse Macrophage Chemotaxis

Published on: April 2, 2020

Related Concept Videos

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon towards...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Chemotaxis in E. coli01:27

Chemotaxis in E. coli

Chemotaxis in Escherichia coli is a sensory-driven motility mechanism that enables bacteria to navigate chemical gradients, moving toward beneficial environments while avoiding harmful conditions. This process relies on a signal transduction system integrating external chemical cues with flagellar motor control.Chemoreceptors and Signal DetectionE. coli detects chemical gradients through methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs), which are membrane-bound chemoreceptors that sense attractants...