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Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome.

Z Calic^1,2, C Cappelen-Smith^3,4, A S Zagami^1,2

¹Institute of Neurological Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Internal Medicine Journal

|December 17, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) causes severe headaches and artery constriction, often resolving spontaneously. While most recover, some face permanent disability or death, highlighting the need for awareness.

Keywords:

posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome primary angiitis of the central nervous system reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome thunderclap headache

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology

Background:

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a clinical-radiological condition.
Characterized by severe thunderclap headaches and multifocal cerebral artery constriction.
Often resolves spontaneously within 3 months, but carries risks of permanent disability or death.

Purpose of the Study:

To unify the understanding of RCVS, previously described under various names.
To highlight the diverse clinical contexts and potential causes of RCVS.
To emphasize the association between RCVS and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).

Main Methods:

Clinical and radiological syndrome characterization.
Review of spontaneous and secondary causes, including vasoactive substances and postpartum state.
Comparison with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) pathophysiology.

Main Results:

RCVS typically presents with severe headaches and arterial spasms.
Up to 60% of cases are secondary to triggers like drugs or postpartum state.
Complete recovery occurs in most, but 10% experience permanent deficits.

Conclusions:

RCVS is an increasingly recognized condition requiring broad medical awareness.
Calcium channel antagonists are a potential treatment option.
Understanding RCVS is crucial for various medical specialties due to its diverse presentations.