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Related Concept Videos

Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

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Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80%...
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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
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Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

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Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
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Related Experiment Video

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Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis
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Lymphocytic cholecystitis/cholangitis.

Jose Jessurun1

  • 1From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology
|December 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study describes lymphocytic cholecystitis/cholangitis, an uncommon condition in adults with biliary pain. It features increased intraepithelial lymphocytes in the biliary epithelium without gallstones.

Keywords:
AcalculousCholangitisCholecystitisLymphocytic

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Biliary System Diseases

Background:

  • Acalculous cholecystitis is gallbladder inflammation without gallstones.
  • An uncommon variant characterized by intraepithelial lymphocytes is described.
  • This condition presents with biliary pain or obstructive symptoms in adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe four cases of a rare form of acalculous cholecystitis/cholangitis.
  • To characterize the histological features, including increased intraepithelial lymphocytes.
  • To propose a new term for this specific biliary inflammatory pattern.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective case compilation during surgical pathology sign-out.
  • Review of clinical information and gross pathology.
  • Microscopic examination focusing on inflammatory patterns and lymphocyte presence (>30 per 100 biliary cells).
  • Immunohistochemical stains (CD3, CD8, IgG4) performed in select cases.

Main Results:

  • All patients were adults presenting with biliary pain or obstructive symptoms.
  • Gallbladders were grossly normal, lacking gallstones or sludge.
  • Microscopy revealed numerous intraepithelial lymphocytes (CD3+, CD8+) in the biliary epithelium, with inflammation more severe in the infundibulum and bile ducts.
  • IgG4-positive plasma cells were absent.

Conclusions:

  • The term lymphocytic cholecystitis/cholangitis is proposed for this entity.
  • Discussion of potential clinical implications and pathogenesis.
  • Differential diagnosis from other forms of acalculous cholecystitis is considered.