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Human rotavirus genotypes causing acute watery diarrhea among under-five children in Benin City, Nigeria

O Iyoha1, P O Abiodun

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
|December 17, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus causes acute watery diarrhea in Nigerian children. Genotyping revealed diverse strains, suggesting a need for region-specific vaccines and advanced diagnostic methods like RT-PCR for accurate rotavirus detection.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Virology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Epidemiology

Background:

  • Diarrhea remains a significant cause of illness and death in children in developing nations.
  • Rotavirus is a primary etiological agent responsible for acute watery diarrhea in this demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the predominant rotavirus G-genotypes in children under five with acute watery diarrhea in Benin City, Nigeria.
  • To compare the efficacy of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for rotavirus detection.

Main Methods:

  • Collected stool samples from 470 children under five presenting with diarrhea.
  • Utilized ELISA for initial rotavirus antigen detection.
  • Employed RT-PCR with VP7 primers for rotavirus G-genotype determination.

Main Results:

  • RT-PCR detected rotavirus in 19.2% of samples, higher than ELISA's 13.8%.
  • Identified prevalent G-genotypes: G1 (54.4%), G4 (37.8%), G2 (28.9%), G3 (21.1%), and G9 (8.9%).
  • Observed dual or triple VP7 genotype reactivity in some rotavirus strains.

Conclusions:

  • Diverse rotavirus genotypes contribute to acute watery diarrhea in Nigerian children.
  • Recommends the introduction of rotavirus vaccines tailored to local strains.
  • Advocates for the use of RT-PCR over ELISA for rotavirus screening when feasible.
Abstract

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