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Body composition through adult life: Swedish reference data on body composition.

I Larsson1, L Lissner2, G Samuelson3

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Internal medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

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Older adults have higher body mass index (BMI) and fat mass (FM) but similar fat-free mass (FFM) until age 60. This study provides crucial body composition reference data for Swedish populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Human Physiology
  • Anthropometry
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Obesity prevalence varies globally, necessitating population-specific body composition data.
  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a key method for assessing body composition.
  • Reference data for body composition across different age groups and countries is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish reference data for body composition in Swedish adults.
  • To analyze age-related changes in body composition using DXA.
  • To pool data from population-based Swedish cohorts for comprehensive analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Pooled data from four population-based Swedish cross-sectional cohort studies.
  • Included 1424 adult participants divided into five age groups (20-75 years).
  • Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Main Results:

  • Body Mass Index (BMI) increased with age, by 3.2 kg/m² in men and 4.3 kg/m² in women.
  • Fat Mass (FM) was significantly higher in older adults (9.9% in men, 9.1% in women).
  • Fat-Free Mass (FFM) remained stable until age 60, then decreased in older age groups.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides valuable reference data for body composition in Swedish populations.
  • Aging is associated with increased BMI and FM, and decreased FFM after age 60.
  • These findings highlight age-related body composition shifts in adults.