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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
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Placebo interventions for nausea: a systematic review.

Veronica F Quinn1, Ben Colagiuri

  • 1School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Sydney, Australia, nicky.quinn@sydney.edu.au.

Annals of Behavioral Medicine : a Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine
|December 18, 2014
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Placebo interventions can effectively alter nausea, particularly when targeting individuals with high initial expectations. Conditioning or combined approaches show greater efficacy than simple instructions for managing nausea.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Medical Science
  • Naturopathy

Background:

  • Expectancy is a known predictor of nausea.
  • The precise impact of placebo interventions on nausea requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review evidence on placebo interventions affecting nausea.
  • To identify effective features of placebo interventions for nausea management.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies from PsychInfo, Medline, and PubMed.
  • Focus on instructional and conditioning interventions leveraging the placebo effect for nausea.

Main Results:

  • Fourteen studies (9 instructional, 5 conditioning) were analyzed.
  • Evidence suggests placebo interventions can alter nausea, though some studies showed no effect or reverse effects.
  • Interventions targeting high initial expectancies, especially combined or conditioning manipulations, were more effective.

Conclusions:

  • Placebo interventions demonstrate potential in altering nausea.
  • These interventions may offer a practical approach to reducing nausea burden.