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Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

24.0K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
24.0K
Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

95
A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
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Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

52.3K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
52.3K
Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

7.3K
The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
7.3K
Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

165
A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...
165
Stability of structures01:14

Stability of structures

636
In mechanical engineering, the stability of systems under various forces is critical for designing durable and efficient structures. One fundamental way to explore these concepts is by analyzing systems like two rods connected at a pivot point, O, with a torsional spring of spring constant k at the pivot point. This system is similar in appearance to a scissor jack used to change tires on a car. In this case, the arms of the linkage (equivalent to the rods in this system) are entirely vertical,...
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Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
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Network robustness: detecting topological quantum phases.

Chung-Pin Chou1

  • 1Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084, China.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Network topology complexity changes during phase transitions, revealing a hidden homogeneous-heterogeneous shift in topological superconductors. This complexity change, linked to network robustness, offers a new way to characterize phase transitions.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Complex Systems
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Understanding phase transitions, especially those not breaking symmetry like topological phase transitions, is crucial.
  • The topological properties of interacting particle networks can change during phase transitions.
  • Existing methods may not fully capture the complexity changes in network topology during these transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if network topology complexity changes during phase transitions in interacting particle systems.
  • To explore the nature of phase transitions, particularly topological phase transitions, using network analysis.
  • To introduce a novel theoretical framework for analyzing network topology changes across phase transition points.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel theoretical framework based on complex network analysis.
  • Application of network analysis to study topological superconductors.
  • Evaluation of network robustness to random failures as a key metric.

Main Results:

  • A homogeneous-heterogeneous transition in network space was observed across the phase transition point of topological superconductors.
  • This topological transition is invisible in real space, highlighting the power of network analysis.
  • The observed transition is directly related to the robustness of the network against random failures.

Conclusions:

  • Network topology complexity can change significantly during phase transitions, even in symmetry-breaking transitions.
  • Network robustness serves as a quantifiable indicator for characterizing phase transitions in complex systems.
  • The proposed framework offers a new perspective on understanding diverse phase transitions, irrespective of symmetry breaking.