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Calmodulin quantification and immunolocalization in developing embryonic orofacial tissue.

R M Greene¹, M R Lloyd

¹Department of Anatomy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.

Journal of Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology

|January 1, 1989

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Calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein, is crucial for mammalian secondary palate development. This study investigated its distribution in developing palatal tissue, revealing its presence in various cell types and the extracellular matrix.

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis is vital for mammalian secondary palate development.
Calmodulin mediates calcium-regulated enzymes, potentially influencing intracellular cAMP levels.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify calmodulin levels and immunolocalize its distribution in developing palatal tissue and cells.
To understand the role of calmodulin in embryonic orofacial development.

Main Methods:

Radioimmunoassay for calmodulin quantification in murine palatal tissue.
Immunolocalization of endogenous calmodulin, actin, and tubulin in palatal mesenchymal cells in vitro.
In vivo immunolocalization of calmodulin in developing murine palatal tissue.

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Main Results:

Calmodulin levels remained consistent during murine palatal development (average 0.23 ng/micrograms protein).
In cultured cells, calmodulin localized to the cytoplasm, concentrated perinuclearly, distinct from actin and tubulin staining.
In vivo, calmodulin was observed in palatal epithelium, mesenchyme, and notably, the cartilaginous extracellular matrix.

Conclusions:

Calmodulin is present throughout developing palatal tissue and exhibits specific localization patterns.
These findings provide initial insights into calmodulin's role in embryonic orofacial development.