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Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Evidence-based Knowledge Synthesis and Hypothesis Validation: Navigating Biomedical Knowledge Bases via Explainable AI and Agentic Systems
Published on: June 13, 2025
A Troubled Solution: Medical Student Struggles with Evidence and Industry Bias
1Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. kelly.holloway@dal.ca.
Abstract:
This empirical work attends to the tensions and contradictions medical students articulate when they discuss their objection to industry's influence in medicine. Findings are based on 50 semi-structured interviews with medical students who are critical of the pharmaceutical industry's influence in medical education in the United States and Canada. These students advocate evidence-based medicine (EBM) as one solution to the problems with industry influence in medicine; namely industry bias in medical research. This investigation is an effort to understand why EBM is posed as a solution to industry bias in light of the literature demonstrating the ways that what is considered 'evidence-based' is influenced by industry. Participants articulate a struggle to find the 'best' evidence in a context where industry interests are integral in the production of medical knowledge.
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