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Related Experiment Videos

A Mycoplasma genetic element resembling prokaryotic insertion sequences.

R V Ferrell1, M B Heidari, K S Wise

  • 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia.

Molecular Microbiology
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a novel repetitive genetic element in Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, structurally similar to prokaryotic insertion sequences. This marks the first discovery of such a sequence within the Mollicutes class.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mycoplasma species, including Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Mycoplasma hyorhinis, are significant animal and human pathogens.
  • Repetitive genetic elements, such as insertion sequences, play crucial roles in genome evolution and plasticity in prokaryotes.
  • The Mollicutes class, characterized by the absence of a cell wall, presents unique genomic features.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a novel repetitive genetic element found in Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.
  • To determine the structural and functional properties of this element.
  • To investigate the distribution and potential mobility of this element within related mycoplasma species.

Main Methods:

  • Nucleotide sequence analysis of M. hyopneumoniae-derived repetitive elements.

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  • Identification of structural features, including inverted terminal repeats and open reading frames.
  • Hybridization studies to assess the distribution of the repetitive sequence across different mycoplasma strains.

    • Main Results:

    • The repetitive element is approximately 1550bp with 28bp inverted terminal repeats, resembling typical prokaryotic insertion sequences.
    • Two open reading frames were identified, one potentially encoding a protein with a size-variant alpha-helical domain.
    • The sequence is variably distributed in M. hyopneumoniae and M. hyorhinis chromosomes, sometimes integrated into larger mobile genetic elements.

    Conclusions:

    • This study reports the first insertion sequence-like element identified in the Mollicutes class.
    • The element exhibits characteristics of mobile genetic elements, suggesting a role in mycoplasma genome dynamics.
    • Variable distribution and potential integration into larger elements indicate ongoing genomic rearrangement in these bacteria.