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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

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Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
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Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

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Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
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Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

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Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
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Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

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Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
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High-density lipoproteins in stroke.

Olivier Meilhac1

  • 1Inserm U1148, Paris, France, olivier.meilhac@inserm.fr.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|December 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) offer stroke protection beyond cholesterol transport. Their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may shield the brain during ischemic stroke, suggesting potential HDL-based therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Lipid Metabolism

Background:

  • High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are known for reverse cholesterol transport.
  • Emerging evidence highlights HDL's pleiotropic effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiapoptotic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on HDL biology relevant to acute ischemic stroke.
  • To explore the potential of HDL-based therapy for managing ischemic stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on HDL function and stroke.
  • Analysis of HDL's protective mechanisms against ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Main Results:

  • HDL exhibits multifaceted protective roles in acute stroke.

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  • HDL may mitigate blood-brain barrier damage and parenchymal injury during ischemia.
  • HDL influences leukocyte and platelet activation, key factors in stroke pathology.

    • Conclusions:

    • HDL's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are crucial for neuroprotection in stroke.
    • Modulation of leukocyte and platelet activation by HDL presents a therapeutic target.
    • Recent advances in HDL biology support the investigation of HDL-based therapies for ischemic stroke.