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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...
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Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

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Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
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Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

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Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

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Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80%...
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Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

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DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic...
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Feigning acute intermittent porphyria.

Rania Elkhatib1, Modupe Idowu2, Gregory S Brown3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 5656 Kelley Street, Houston, TX 77026, USA.

Case Reports in Psychiatry
|December 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case report details a patient feigning acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), a rare genetic disorder. Extensive medical records revealed no evidence of AIP despite the patient

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder affecting heme synthesis.
  • AIP attacks present with severe abdominal pain, neurological, and psychiatric symptoms.
  • Feigning AIP has not been previously documented in medical literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of suspected feigning of acute intermittent porphyria.
  • To highlight the importance of thorough medical record review in diagnosing rare genetic disorders.
  • To discuss the challenges in differentiating genuine AIP attacks from simulated symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a patient presenting with symptoms suggestive of an AIP attack.
  • Review of extensive prior medical records and diagnostic test results.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses for AIP.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with symptoms consistent with an AIP attack, requesting opioid analgesics.
  • Thirteen prior diagnostic tests for AIP were negative, indicating no evidence of the disease.
  • The clinical presentation and negative diagnostic history raised suspicion of feigning.

Conclusions:

  • This case represents the first reported instance of feigning acute intermittent porphyria.
  • Comprehensive review of patient history and diagnostic data is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Distinguishing feigned illness from genuine disease requires careful clinical evaluation and corroborating evidence.