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Related Concept Videos

Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

63
Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the...
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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Overview
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
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Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

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Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation
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Recent advances in peptide-based subunit nanovaccines.

Mariusz Skwarczynski1, Istvan Toth

  • 1School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.

Nanomedicine (London, England)
|December 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Peptide vaccines use nanotechnology for better immune response. This review covers nanoparticle delivery systems for enhanced peptide vaccine efficacy and future prospects.

Keywords:
adjuvantdendrimerslipidsmacromoleculesnanoparticlesnanotechnologypeptide vaccinepolymerself-assemblyvaccine delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Vaccination is crucial for preventing infectious diseases.
  • Peptide vaccines offer advantages over traditional vaccines but require effective delivery systems.
  • Nanotechnology presents promising solutions for enhancing peptide immunogenicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current nanotechnology-based delivery systems for peptide vaccines.
  • To summarize various nano-sized platforms for peptide antigen delivery.
  • To discuss future directions for peptide-based nanovaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in peptide vaccine delivery.
  • Analysis of nanoparticle platforms including polymers, peptides, lipids, inorganic materials, and nanotubes.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on nanotechnology applications in vaccinology.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticles significantly improve the recognition of peptide antigens by the immune system.
  • Diverse nanomaterials, including polymers, lipids, and inorganic nanoparticles, are effective delivery vehicles.
  • Nanotechnology enhances the immunogenicity of peptide vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • Nanotechnology-based delivery systems are vital for the success of peptide vaccines.
  • Further research into peptide-based nanovaccines holds significant promise for future immunization strategies.
  • The development of novel nanovaccine platforms is crucial for combating pathogens effectively.