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Acid-base disorders: learning the basics.

Phil Ayers1, Carman Dixon2, Andrew Mays2

  • 1Mississippi Baptist Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi payers@mbhs.org.

Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|December 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nutrition support practitioners need to understand metabolic and respiratory disorders for effective patient care. This review covers basic and mixed acid-base disorders, aiding therapeutic decisions in nutrition and electrolyte management.

Keywords:
acid-base equilibriumacid-base imbalanceacidosisalkalosisnutritional supportparenteral nutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Physiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Acid-base disorders are common in clinical practice and impact patient management.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology of these disorders is crucial for nutrition support practitioners.
  • Therapeutic decisions regarding fluids, parenteral nutrition, and electrolytes depend on accurate diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review basic metabolic and respiratory acid-base disorders.
  • To provide clinicians with a framework for recognizing and treating these conditions.
  • To discuss the implications of acid-base balance in nutrition and electrolyte management.

Main Methods:

  • This is an invited review article.
  • The review synthesizes current knowledge on acid-base physiology and disorders.
  • It focuses on common metabolic and respiratory disturbances.

Main Results:

  • Metabolic and respiratory disorders require careful clinical assessment.
  • Comprehension of underlying physiological processes is key to diagnosis.
  • This review provides a foundation for managing these disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Confidence in recognizing and treating acid-base disorders is essential for nutrition support practitioners.
  • A thorough understanding of physiology aids in therapeutic decision-making.
  • This review serves as a guide to basic and mixed acid-base disorders.